विषय

राजा और प्रजा के कर्तव्य का उपदेश।

पदार्थ

[हे दुष्ट !] (नडम्) बन्धन [वा नरकट समान तीक्ष्ण शस्त्र] पर (आ रोह) चढ़ जा, (ते) तेरे लिये (अत्र) यहाँ (लोकः) स्थान (न) नहीं है, (इदम्) यह (सीसम्) [हमारा] बन्धननाशक विधान (ते) तेरा (भागधेयम्) सेवनीय कर्म है, (आ इहि) तू आ। (यः) जो (गोषु) गौओं में (यक्ष्मः) राजरोग और (पुरुषेषु) पुरुषों में (यक्ष्मः) राजरोग है, (तेन साकम्) उस के साथ (त्वम्) तू (अधराङ्) नीचे की ओर (परा इहि) चला जा ॥१॥

भावार्थ

राजा को उचित है कि दुराचारी दुष्टों को तीक्ष्ण शस्त्रों से कठिन दण्ड देकर नाश करे और नीचा दिखावे, जिस से प्रजा के पशुओं और पुरुषों में कोई क्लेश न होवे ॥१॥

विषय

अधरा परेहि

पदार्थ

१. हे क्रव्याद् अग्ने! (नडम् आरोह) = तू नड पर आरोहण कर-नड निर्मित तीखे शर पर तू चढ-उस शर का तू शिकार हो। (ते अत्र लोक: न) = तेरा यहाँ स्थान नहीं है तुझे हममें निवास नहीं करना। (इदम्) = इस (ते भागधेयम्) = तेरे भाग्यभूत (सीसम्) = सीसे को-सीसे की बनी घातक गोली को (एहि) = तू प्राप्त हो। यह क्रव्याद् अग्नि, तीर व गोली का शिकार बने-हमें पीड़ित करनेवाला न हो। २. हे क्रव्यात्! (यः गोषु यक्ष्मः) = जो गौवों में रोग है, (पुरुषेषु यक्ष्मः) = पुरुषों में रोग है, (तेन साकम्) = उस रोग के साथ (त्वम्) = तू (अधराङ्परा इहि) = नीचे की ओर गति करता हुआ दूर चला जा। क्रव्यात् अग्नि का रोगों के साथ नीचे के मार्ग से जाने का भाव यह है कि शरीर में ये मलद्वार अपना कार्य ठीक प्रकार से करते रहें-प्रत्येक रोग में सर्वप्रथम इस शोधन का ही ध्यान करना चाहिए।

भावार्थ

'रोग, आपत्ति व मृत्यु का कारणभूत क्रव्यात् अग्नि, तौर व गोली का शिकार बने-अर्थात् नष्ट हो। निचले मलद्वारों के मार्ग से सब रोग दूर चले जाएँ। शरीर में मल का संचय हो ही नहीं।

भाषार्थ

हे अग्नि ! (नडम्) नड पर (आ रोह) तू आरोहण कर, (अत्र) इस नड पर (ते) तेरा (लोकः न) घर नहीं, (इदं सीसम्) यह सिक्का (ते) तेरा (भागधेयम्) भाग है, (एहि) तू आ। (यः) जो (गोषु यक्ष्मः) गौओं में यक्ष्मरोग है, (पुरुषेषु यक्ष्मः) और पुरुषों में यक्ष्मरोग है (तेन साकम्१) उस यक्ष्म के साथ (त्वम्) हे अग्नि ! तू (अधराङ्) नीचे आ, (परेहि) और परे चली जां।

Subject

Yakshma Nashanam

Meaning

O fire, rise on the reeds. Your place is not here. This lead is your food. Come and rise. Whatever cancer or consumption there is among cows and other animals or humans, along with that go down from here, far off from us. (This mantra is addressed to the fire, the fuel being reeds. On reed fire, which is slow and mild, lead is melted and burnt with certain chemicals and ash, i.e., Bhasma, is prepared for medicinal purposes for the cure of cancer and consumption. The mantra is not a magic formula, but it suggests a miraculous cure with lead- ash for diseases which eat up the flesh and blood and bone of the patient.)

Subject

Agnih - The flesh-eating and the householder’s fires

Translation

Ascend the reeds; no place for thee is here, this lead is thy portion; come, what yaksma is in kine, yaksma in men, in company with that do thou go forth downward.

Translation

[N. B.-This second hymn of the 12th Kand is concerned with the Agni-kravyad, fire which consumes the dead. Kravyad Agni has many aspects which have been neglected by the neo-commentators of the Atharvaveda. They had prejudices of Pauranic element. The description of Shatapatha about Kravyad is one meaning but it is not the whole that this word encompasses within it. The fire used to burn the dead body of man is called Kravyad. This is not the full meaning of the word. There are three kinds of fire which are used in rituals etc :-Amad, Kraya and Annad. The fire which consumes the cereals, fruit, etc which are uncooked is called Amad. The fire which is used in the Yajna sacraments etc is know Annad. The Havi also comes within the category of Anna. The fire which is used to consume flesh by burning it. which is used medically to consume the diseases of body and limbs, which is used in the form of weapons to kill animals, enemies piercing it into the flesh and limbs is called kravyad Agni. Funeral fire is also called kravysed Agni But the hymn under question is not meant narrowly and exclusively. Here the Kravyad Agni has been used to play its part in broad and comprehensive scope.] This cremating ground is not the exclusive only place to hold this fire confined for consigning the dead bodies Let this mount to be used in shafts and arrows and the lead is its appointed metal in making bullets etc for fire arms, so let it come to this for proper use. Let this fire go destroying below and away together with the disease which are develop ed in men and developed in cows.

Translation

O depraved person, be a prey to this sharp weapon. There is no place for thee in this world. Thou deservest to be shot with this lead bullet. Come hither to be slain. Thou art the giver of pain, like consumption to the kine and men, fail down with that, and run far away!

टिप्पणीः

१−(नडम्) अ० ४।१९।१। नल बन्धे−पचाद्यच्, लस्य डः। बन्धनम्। तीक्ष्णाग्रतृणविशेषसदृशतीक्ष्णशस्त्रम् (आरोह) आरूढो भव (नः) निषेधे (ते) तव (अत्र) प्रजाजने (लोकः) स्थानम् (इदम्) अस्मदीयम् (सीसम्) अ० १।१६।२। षिञ् बन्धने−क्विप्+षो नाशने−क, तुक्लोपे दीर्घः। बन्धननाशकं विधानम् (भागधेयम्) सेवनीयं कर्म (ते) तव (एहि) आगच्छ (गोषु) गवादिषु (यक्ष्मः) अ० २।१०।५। राजरोगः। क्षयः (पुरुषेषु) (यक्ष्मः) (तेन) रोगेण (त्वम्) दुराचारिन् (साकम्) सहितम् (अधराङ्) अ० ५।२२।२। नीचस्थानम् (परा) दूरे (इहि) गच्छ ॥